What those Fish names in Japanese Kanji characters means in English

Came across this in supermarket today at the sushi shelves. Thought of testing myself...couldnt identify all of them but the common ones are easy enough.

Handy to know what u are eating or ask for, while looking at a Japanese menu or at the sushi bar.

鰈 かれい Right eye flounder
鰻 うなぎ Eel
鮑 あわび abalone
鰆 さわら jap Spanish mackerel
鮭 サケ Salmon
鯛 タイ Snapper
鰯 イワシ sardine
鰹 カツオ Bonito
鯒 flathead
鱒 マス Trout
鱈 タラ Cod
鮒 フナ Carp
鮃 ヒラメ flatfish
鰤 ブリ Yellowtail
鯖 サバ mackerel

The rest...completely no idea....Now, to find out how they are pronounced in Cantonese in Hong Kong...

Japanese style Teriyaki Salmon Fillet

Over the year, I have really nailed down cooking salmon to perfection, where the fish is just pink on the inside and still tender. No kidding! I never thought it would happen..but I have arrived. The Queen of Salmon:)

There are various ways to cook my salmon. Commonly I would do the Teriyaki version. During summer with abundance of fresh sweet fruits, I would accompany it with fresh fruit salad of Mango-lychee with fresh greens drizzled in Japanese Sesame with Yuzu ponzu sauce. The  sweetness of the fruit was to balance the citrus ponzu sauce.

The trick to cooking salmon is really catching the exact moment where it starts cooking on the inside. Once you missed it, it is a road of no return with a slap of harden fish.

While the teriyaki sauce version normally wont do this, however I would rub my salmon fillet with garlic salt or seasalt as well. (Otherwise pink salt is fine as well) Otherwise, i tend to find the teriyaki sauce alone is too sweet. .

I didnt have time to take more pictures being in a hurry to serve dinner, but the cooking steps are as below.

Time to Cook: 15mins
Marinate time: 2 hours min.

Ingredients

- Fresh salmon fillets skin on (of about equal thickness if you are cooking more than one)
- Dash of Garlic salt or other salt for all the fillets

- Black pepper grated

- 3tbsp of Mirin. Currently am using mizikan mirin. Frankly this is not my fav mirin but the organic version I was used to is no longer carried in Hong Kong supermart...sigh.

- dash of oil

- 3 tbsp of good quality Sake (Japanese rice wine). Usually I would use "Junmai-shu" (純米酒), which is pure rice wine with no addition of distilled alcohol.  

- 1tbsp of sugar
- 3 tbsp of Japanese bottled  bonito soup base.
- 1 tbsp of corn flour or potato flour (this is used only to coat the skin to make it crispy)

I am still tasting out the various Japanese Bonito Soup base sold in Hong Kong supwemart.

Currently I am using "Hirokoshi Soup Base" that includes kelp and bonito flavor. However we had a recent Japanese food fair and as I was chatting with the Oji san at the fair, he introduced me to the bottle on the left which is fast becoming popular in Japan. I tried it and I like it.

Cooking Steps:

1. Rinse salmon and pat dry. Rub some garlic salt onto the fillet. leave to stand for 10mins.
2. Add Mirin, Soup base, sake, and sugar into a saucepan. I would add 1 tbsp of water. Stir to blend well. 
3. Heat up the saucepan over medium low heat. As soon as the teriyaki sauce bubbles and thickens, remove it from heat and allow the sauce to cool. 
4. Next is to marinate the salmon with some of the Teriyaki Sauce (the fish is fully coated) in a sealed zipped locked bag for at least 2 hours. Unlike pork or other meat, it doesnt really need to be marinated overnight from personal experience. The absorb the flavors really quickly and plus, if you have a a good of fish, you dont really want to ruin the original sweetness of salmon.
5. Pre-heat the oven to 200 degree Cel..
6. Remove the salmon from fridge and rub a little oil on the skin.
7. Using a siever, lightly sprinkle a thin layer the corn flour over the skin. This step is to prevent the skin from burning on contact with hot pan and to add that extra crisp. (Learned this from chef TV program)
8. Heat up a non-stick pan over medium heat. Add a dash of oil and slide the fish skin side down and pan-sear the marinated salmon until the skin is nicely brown, about 2 minutes. Flip the salmon all round to the sides and top to give it a nice brown searing for the next few mins on each sides.
9. Transfer the salmon to a oven tray prelined with baking paper. Brush the remaining Teriyaki Sauce on the seared salmon. I would grate some black pepper over the top. Bake for 10 minutes. (Generally this is the right time for any standard fillet)

Tip: For novice cook, in order to be sure you wont be serving semi raw salmon, you may like to stick a butter knife down the middle (where the vertical line is) about slightly under 1 inch to check the inside. It should be a very nice mild pink shade. You might still see there is a gradual change in colour from the outer cook side to the inside which is slightly a tinge of rose pink. That means your fish is ready. Your fish will continue to cook on the inside while you are plating.

Generally you can also tell by pressing lightly on the top of salmon on the thickest part and if the fillet feels very bouncy and wobbly within, its still raw. A cook salmon should not be overly bouncy and a overcook salmon will be firm and wont bounced. Keep trying each time you will soon get the sense and wont even need to cut the fish to check the inside. However, 10mins is normally the right time to cook salmon to a pink moist inside.

Japanese Style Sanma Shioyaki (Grilled Pacific Saury with salt)

I had actually attempted this last Nov and didnt bother to blog about it. This is one of my fav dishes because grilled fishes are sooo yummy. No addition seasoning are required, just the wholesome goodness of the fish....

Sanma Shioyaki (Grilled Pacific Saury with salt)  

Time to cook: 20-25mins

Ingredients:

• 1-2 Pacific Saury (Sanma)
• 1/2 Tbsp. sake
• Sea salt
• 1 Tbsp. grated daikon (squeeze water out)
• 1 lemon wedge
• 1/2- 1 Tbsp. soy sauce

Cooking Steps:

Place the fish vertically on the cutting board and insert knife in the stomach side from top to bottom. Wash and get rid of gut thoroughly in cold water. 

Wash fish

Wipe the entire fish dry with paper towels. (Sanma is usually eaten with intestine so it’s up to you if you want to remove it or not.) I would remove it else there might be some bitter aftertaste if its not fresh...

Remove gut and intestines

In a bowl, sprinkle sake and leave it for 5 minutes. Meanwhile preheat oven to 400F (204C). Line the grill pan with aluminum foil. Make the foil wrinkles first then line the pan so the fish skin won’t get stuck to the aluminum foil. You can also spray oil to prevent sticking to the foil.

Season with sake

After 5 minutes, wipe the fish with paper towels and sprinkle both sides of the fish with salt (Note: salt the fish right before grilling).

Salt fish

Put the fish on the foil and grill until the surface is blistered and brown a bit, about 6-8 minutes. Inside of the fish should almost be cooked (white color).

Grill fish

Flip the fish carefully making sure the fish skin is intact and not attached to the foil. Grill the other side until nicely broiled, about 3 minutes. 

Chinese Style Oyster Soy sauce Chicken with Carrots and Mushrooms

There are variations to this but I decided to post the one with the updated version with the condensed rich sauce which my man loves. When he polishes off the chicken, he would keep the sauce and dip it with bread: ) I added carrots coz I like them, and also wolfberries to sweeten the sauce more so that I can use less sugar.

Oyster Drumsticks with Chinese Mushrooms and carrots

I didnt follow the traditional recipe and modify it instead, with less dark soy sauce (hence the lighter shade of brown). Also, I dont like to add too much sodium or refined sugar if I can help it.
So u can adjust the oyster to 2TBsp if you want more flavour and rich sauce.

Ingredients

- pack of chilled dozen wings/or drumlettes / or 4 drumsticks
- 2 inch ginger sliced into thin slices (for frying)
- 4 cloves minced garlic
- 1 large smashed garlic clove with skin on (for flavoring oil)
- 1 carrot (optional), cut into 1 inch chucks
- 1 inch of grated ginger
- 6 presoaked Chinese Mushrooms or Shitake Mushrooms or Button mushrooms
- half brown or red onion, cut into chucks (you dont want them too small).
- Rinsed Wolfberries (optional, amount up to you but a small handful. Soak rinsed berries with 2 TBSP of water.)
- 1 normal size mug of water
- 2 stalks of rinsed spring onion

Sauces

- 1.5Tb Light soy sauce
- 1Tb Oyster sauce
- 1 tsp of sugar
- Dash of white or grated black pepper
- 1.5Tbsp  Chinese wine or Shaoxing Wine
- 1tsp of sesame oil
- 2Tbsp of cooking oil. 


Cooking Steps

1. Marinate chicken wings/ drumlets/ drumsticks with all the sauces above, except the sesame oil. 

2. Add the grated ginger and minced garlic and mix well.

3. Leave the marinate to work for at least 20mins.

4. Heat pan with 1 TBSP of cooking oil. Add onion chucks, sliced ginger. Stir fry till onion is starts to soften.

5. Add Chinese Mushrooms and wolfberries & the water.

6. Add 1tsp if Sesame Oil after about 5mins. Stiry fry for another 2mins.

7. Remove from pan all cooked ingredients into a bowl. (Dont prolong or sesame taste will b diluted to nothing. We want to retain a hint)

8. In a clean frying pan, add the remaining 1TBsp cooking oil.

9. When oil is hot, add the clove of smashed garlic to the oil and when it browns, remove.

10. Add sliced ginger and cook till starting to turn light brown. Add 2 half stalks of spring onion (the white part) add the drumsticks, but NOT the marinate sauce. If the chicken starts to stick, u may add a little more olive cooking oil.

11. After about 3mins of turning the chicken drumstick around and nicely brown the skin, add the marinate sauce and add 1 mug of water to dilute. If the sauce is still too salty, you may add more water till it reaches the saltiness level you like. 

12. Add the chopped carrots, this will help sweeten the sauce so dont add any sugar before this.

13. Close the lid of the pot/ wok and at medium flame, give it 10mins. This steam cooking will cook more evenly and soften your carrots nicely.

14. Usually large drumsticks are easy to tell if they are cook when you stop seeing the pink juices seeping out at the top. However, to test if drumstick is cook, poke a fork through. If you still see a lot of red blood juice running out, that means its not ready, stick it with lid close for another 2mins. Retest. Once u see clear juice, its cooked. If u still see a slight pink after alot of clear juices, its fine. the meat will continue to cook within for another few mins on its own. 

15. The sauce should be nice and rich now. If u like it more watery you can add water here and salt/sugar to adjust taste. Usually I dont have to.

16. Throw back the cooked mushroom and onions in.

17. Give it a good toss to combined the mixture.

18. Garnish with chopped spring onion (the green part) if you like.

Fusion Style Pan fry Pork Chop, served with boiled Asparagus & Cherry Tomatoes

I love asparagus. I would always order them when i dine out because I had never cook them at home (till today). I havent tried to cook them again after my first not so tasty experience back in Singapore, when I was in college like over a decade ago. I had the small narrow ones and I had prob not bought the freshest of the lot and so it turned out chewy...

So today, after reading through this French cookbook that taught me how to prepare asparagus and cook them, I decided to give it a go and ....they turned out beautifully!!!! Apparently there are several ways to cook them but I reckon this simple French way is the best. Even without seasonings, the asparagus was naturally sweet and retains the crunch when bought fresh. I kid u not.

Unseasoned Boiled Asparagus & cherry tomatoes

Time to Cook both vege and meat concurrently: 15mins
Time to Prep: 10mins
Time to marinate pork: Minimal 2hours before hand.
Served 2 pax

Ingredients

- a pack of fresh asparagus that should be firm at the stalk, and no holes through the stalk.
- 1.5tbsp of salt.
- a pot big enough to lay the asparagus horizontally flat while cooking

Cooking Steps

- After purchase, fill a cup or container with cold water and stick asparagus upright until u are ready to cook them.

shaved asparagus upright in container

- Peel the asparagus from the stalk, use a small vege knife cut 1/16 into the layer to remove the woody chewy layer. As you move progressively up to the tip, the cut gets shallower. You should see the tender lighter green under surfacing as you slice away the top layer. Stick them back in the container.
Tip: Dont use peeler, it's not effective enough.

- Once peeled and ready,  Fill the uncovered pot with enough water to be able to cover the asparagus. that's prob abt 1/3 pot guide.

- Add the salt and bring to a boil.

- Add the rinsed peeled asparagus into the salted water pot. When the water starts to boil again, turn the heat down to low and simmer for about 10-12 mins, pot uncovered. (time depending on the thickness)

- To check if its ready, take one out. If your butter knife cuts into the bottom stalk, its cooked.

Remove from water and ready to serve.

Tip: If you like, u may pop the cherries into the hot water for a quick soak before serving. Read somewhere that cooked tomato skin delivers more antioxidants than uncooked ones. 

Tip: Asparagus can keep for another 20mins after cooking. If u are cooking ahead, you can dip the cooked asparagus in ice cold water to stop the ongoing cooking within the veg, and then quickly dip into hot water when ready to serve warm. 

Ingredients for the pan fried pork

- 2 pork chop with bone in (about 1 inch thick)
- half red onion
- a quarter cinnamon stick (optional)

Marinate sauce
- 1tbsp oyster sauce
- 1 tbsp of chinese rice wine
- 1 tsp of pepper
- dash of salt
- slightly under 1tbsp of light soy sauce (i used the kikoman less salt version)
- 1tbsp of sugar.
- 1 egg white

Cooking Steps

1. Mix all the sauces together. Taste for salty level and adjust to taste. Cut back the salt if too salty

2. Add the egg white and beat lightly together with the sauces.

3.  Pour the mixed sauce into the zip lock plastic bag and add pork in. Fully cover the meat with sauces to marinate.

4. Leave the marinated meat in fridge for at least 2 hours. Best 4 hours.

5. When ready to cook, add butter or olive oil or coconut oil to frying pan at medium heat

6. Add the pork. For me, I would cover the lid to ensure my pork is being cooked inside.
Note: Semi-cooked pork contains parasites that may host inside your brain...

7. Turn the flame down to low with lid covered so that you dont burnt your meat.

8. Flip over after about 5 mins, your skin would be nicely brown. Repeat for other side for another 5 mins.

9. Depending on your meat thickness, if yours is a thin slab, after 3-4mins on the other side, you could take it out and slice a little near the bone to check if its thoroughly cooked. if not, then give it the full 5 mins.

10. Remove from pan and rest the meat on the side.

11. Add the onion in the pan and quicky stir fry with a quarter of cinnamon stick till it is soft..

12. Add a little water to the marinate sauce left over and bring to boil with onion. Adjust taste as needed with salt or sugar. Because of the eggwhite, it will not be clear sauce, so filter and sieve off as preferred.

Dinner is served with rice.

Alternate mixture will be with sauteed mushrooms & brocoli as below.